The article examines the evidence relating to pilgrimage from Francia to the Holy Land during the Carolingian period. In a previous article, it was argued that there was a strong current of Frankish pilgrims to the Holy Land, that the Frankish eulogiae labels (8th and 9th centuries) attached to Holy Land relics are evidence of these voyages, and that these relics played an important role in Carolingian liturgy. However, critical and paleographical examination indicates that the labels were probably written in Frankish monasteries. As Gallo-Roman and Holy-Land relics are often found in the same wrappings, their import by Frankish pilgrims returning from the Holy Land remains doubtful : famous eighth- and ninth-century travellers to Palestine such as Willibald and the monk Bernard do not even mention them. Moreover, with the notable exception of the monastery of Saint Riquier, these relics were not a central feature of Carolingian liturgy. The relics were probably gifts from Charlemagne, the Patriarch of Jerusalem and the popes to certain monasteries, or were purchased from dealers in relics.Actually, pilgrimage from Francia to the Holy Land decreased during the Carolingian period, hindered by the development of pilgrimage within Europe and the Moslem persecution of Holy-Land Christians during the last decades of the eighth century.

EXPLOR_STEP=$WICRI_ROOT/ChansonRoland/explor/ChansonRolandV7/Data/Main/Exploration

HfdSelect -h $EXPLOR_STEP/biblio.hfd -nk 001059 | SxmlIndent | more

HfdSelect -h $EXPLOR_AREA/Data/Main/Exploration/biblio.hfd -nk 001059 | SxmlIndent | more

{{Explor lien
   |wiki=    ChansonRoland
   |area=    ChansonRolandV7
   |flux=    Main
   |étape=   Exploration
   |type=    RBID
   |clé=     Francis:527-99-13038
   |texte=   En Hébreu
}}